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<title>Meredith Chivers</title>

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</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Meredith Chivers</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Chivers in 2022</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Canadian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="University_of_Guelph" title="University of Guelph">University of Guelph</a> (BSc hon), <a href="Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> (PhD)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Female sexuality</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="Sexology" title="Sexology">Sexology</a>, <a href="Psychology" title="Psychology">Psychology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Queen's_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen’s University</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queensu.ca/psychology/sage/People.html">Sage Laboratory, Queen's University</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Meredith L. Chivers</b> is a Canadian <a href="Sexology" title="Sexology">sexologist</a> and <a href="Clinical_psychology" title="Clinical psychology">clinical psychologist</a> noted for her research on female sexuality, sexual orientation, paraphilias, sex differences, gender identity, and the physiology of sexual arousal.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2009_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is an associate professor in the Department of <a href="Psychology" title="Psychology">Psychology</a> at <a href="Queen's_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's University</a> in <a href="Kingston%2C_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a>, <a href="Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, <a href="Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2></div>

<p>Chivers attended the University of Guelph for her undergraduate agree. In 2003, she earned her Ph.D. in clinical psychology from <a href="Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-queenscv_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queenscv-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has been a faculty member at Queen's University since 2009, where she is director of the Sexuality and Gender Lab.<sup id="cite_ref-queenscv_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queenscv-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2019, Chivers was appointed as a Fellow of the <a href="Society_for_the_Scientific_Study_of_Sexuality" title="Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality">Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality</a>, an honour given to two individuals each year.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2></div>

<p>Chivers's research interests include <a href="Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">sexual attractions</a>, <a href="Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">sexual response</a>, <a href="Sexual_function" title="Sexual function">sexual functioning</a>, and the <a href="Psychophysiology" title="Psychophysiology">psychophysiology</a> of sexual arousal.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In one line of research, Chivers measured biological and sexual responses of men and women to different types of pornography to analyze human sexual response patterns. By testing both heterosexual and homosexual men and women, Chivers found that men (both heterosexual and gay) respond with "category specificity" whereas women (heterosexual and lesbian) respond more broadly.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2009_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, Chivers co-authored a study of bisexual men, in which the men's responses to heterosexual and homosexual photos were shown. Despite that the men reported being bisexual, most of them showed a substantially stronger response either one of the two sexes instead of roughly equal responses to both.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>After reports that women respond with vaginal lubrication even to stimuli depicting rape, Chivers hypothesized that the lubrication might not relate only to female sexual desire, that it is also a separate system, an evolutionary adaptive one, that protect females from damage in sexual violence.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2></div>

<ul><li>Seto, M. C., Lalumière, M. L., Harris, G. T., & Chivers, M. L. (2012). The sexual responses of sexual sadists. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121, 739–753. DOI: 10.1037/a0028714</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., Pittini, R., Villegas, L., Grigoriadis, S., Ross, L. E. (2011). The relationship between sexual function and depressive symptomatology in postpartum women: A pilot study. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8, 792–799.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L. (2010). A brief update on the specificity of sexual arousal. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 25, 407–414.</li>

<li>Salonia, A., Giraldi, A., Chivers, M. L., Georgiadis, J., Levin, R., Maravilla, K., & McCarthy, M. (2010). Physiology of women's sexual function: Basic knowledge and new findings. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 7, 2637–2660.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., & Rosen. R. (2010). PDE-5 Inhibitors and female sexual response: Faulty protocols or paradigms? Journal of Sexual Medicine, 7, 858–872.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., Seto, M. C., Lalumière, M. L, Laan, E., & Grimbos, T. (2010). Agreement of genital and subjective measures of sexual arousal in men and women: A meta-analysis. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 5–56.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., Seto, M. C., & Blanchard, R. (2007). Gender and sexual orientation differences in sexual response to the sexual activities versus the gender of actors in sexual films. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 1108–1121.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., & Bailey, J. M. (2005). A sex difference in features that elicit genital response. Biological Psychology, 70, 115–120.</li>

<li>Rieger, G., Chivers, M. L., & Bailey, J. M. (2005). Sexual arousal patterns of bisexual men. Psychological Science, 16, 579–584.</li>

<li>Lawrence, A., Latty, E., Chivers, M. L., & Bailey, J. M. (2005). Measurement of sexual arousal in postoperative male-to-female transsexuals using vaginal photoplethysmography. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 34, 135–145.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., Rieger, G., Latty, E., & Bailey, J. M. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gaylawnet.com/ezine/gender/sex_difference.pdf">A sex difference in the specificity of sexual arousal</a>. Psychological Science, 15, 736–744.</li>

<li>Chivers, M. L., & Blanchard, R. (1996). Prostitution advertisements suggest association of transvestism and masochism. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 22, 97–102.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25desire-t.html?_r=0">"What Do Women Want?"</a>. <i><a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-15</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/arousal-first-desire-may-be-more-typical-for-women-and-it-doesnt-need-a-cure/article25039091/">"'Arousal-first' desire may be more typical for women, and it doesn't need a cure"</a>. <i><a href="The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-15</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.queensu.ca/psychology/people/faculty/meredith-chivers">"Meredith Chivers | Department of Psychology"</a>. <i>www.queensu.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-queenscv-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-queenscv_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queenscv_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queensu.ca/psychology/sites/webpublish.queensu.ca.psycwww/files/files/Faculty/Meredith%20Chivers/Meredith_L_Chivers_July_2014_CV.pdf">"Meredith L. Chivers: CV"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Queen's University Department of Psychology</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-15</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBarmak2017" class="citation web cs1">Barmak, Sarah (2017-05-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewalrus.ca/building-a-better-female-orgasm/">"Building a Better Female Orgasm"</a>. <i>The Walrus</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.queensu.ca/psychology/feature-story-meredith-chivers-november-2019">"Dr. Meredith Chivers receives honours from the Society of Scientific Study of Sexuality"</a>. <i>Queen's University Department of Psychology</i>. 2019-11-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-22</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDenizet-Lewis2014" class="citation news cs1">Denizet-Lewis, Benoit (2014-03-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/23/magazine/the-scientific-quest-to-prove-bisexuality-exists.html">"The Scientific Quest to Prove Bisexuality Exists"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCarey2005" class="citation news cs1">Carey, Benedict (2005-07-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/straight-gay-or-lying-bisexuality-revisited.html">"Straight, Gay or Lying? Bisexuality Revisited"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/2013/06/02/the_truth_about_female_desire_its_base_animalistic_and_ravenous/">"The truth about female desire: It's base, animalistic and ravenous"</a>. <i>Salon</i>. 2013-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/conditions/study-female-desire-more-complicated/article572656/">Female desire more complicated. (2010, Jan. 5). The Globe & Mail.</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25desire-t.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0">Bergner, D. (2009, Jan. 25). What do women want? The New York Times Magazine, p. 28.</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_sources">Other sources</h2></div>

<ul><li>Birds Do It. Bees Do It. People Seek the Keys to It. (2007, April 10). <i><a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</li>

<li>Bryner, M. (2005, July/August). For women, a world of turn-ons. Psychology Today, 38, p. 26. Yeoman, B. (2004, August). Forbidden Science. Discover Magazine, 25.</li>

<li>In sex, brain studies show, 'la Différence' still holds. (2004, March 16). The New York Times. Lemonick, M. D. (2004, Jan. 19). Chemistry of desire. Time Magazine, 163, 69–73.</li>

<li>Complex picture of female sexuality hinders magic pill. (2003, Aug. 30). <i><a href="The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>.</li>

<li>Benson, E. (2003, April). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apa.org/monitor/apr03/differences.aspx">Study finds sex differences in relationship between arousal and orientation</a>. APA Monitor, 34, p. 51.</li>

<li>The Charlie Rose Show (aired March 27, 2009)</li>

<li>The Agenda with Steve Paikin (aired April 22, 2009)</li></ul>

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